Local Health Departments' Approaches to Deal With Recession: What Strategies Are Used to Minimize the Negative Impact on Public Health Services to Community?

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-2016

Publication Title

Journal of Public Health Management and Practice

DOI

10.1097/PHH.0000000000000260

Abstract

Context: Local health departments (LHDs) are crucial components in the public health system. As with their state counterparts, operating since the 2008 recession has proven financially difficult for the majority of the nation's 2800 LHDs. These health departments have elected to employ a variety of strategies to maintain operations and public-facing services and programs.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess strategies used by LHDs to minimize the negative impact on services to community and to examine variation in these strategies by the size of population in LHD jurisdiction.

Design and Participants: The design of this research brief report is observational, based on cross-sectional data from a nationally representative sample of 957 LHDs that enumerates and characterizes the nature of their responses to austerity.

Outcomes Measures: The main outcome measures included 19 strategies. We used descriptive and bivariate analyses to highlight our study findings.

Results: LHDs use a variety of strategies to mitigate negative impacts on the public health services in their communities, focusing on workforce, funding, service referral, and several other areas. The most frequently used strategies include cross-training staff, increasing work hours, pursuing new funding, resource sharing, and seeking fees for services provided. Some minor variation by the size of jurisdiction population existed in frequency of top 10 strategies used by LHDs.

Conclusions: Some of the LHD strategies to deal with the impact of recession address immediate issues caused by budget cuts and might be short-term fixes, including increasing workload of employees, and pay freezes. Other strategies, such as seeking new sources of revenues and resource sharing, can have potentially positive effects in the long run.

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