Honors College Theses

Publication Date

2025

Major

Exercise Science (B.S.)

Release Option

Open Access

Faculty Mentor

Dr. Matthew Williamson

Abstract

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a critical structure in knee stability, and its injury can significantly impair athletic performance and daily functionality. The ACL plays a vital role in stabilizing the knee joint, preventing excessive forward movement of the tibia relative to the femur and aiding in rotational control. ACL tears are commonly associated with sports and physical activities that involve sudden stops, pivots, or changes in direction. These injuries can lead to knee instability, impaired function, and long-term complications. Despite the prevalence of ACL tears, there remains a lack of consensus on the multifactorial causes, optimal reconstruction techniques, and the long-term outcomes of surgical intervention. This study aims to explore the causes of ACL tears including factors that lead some athletes to be more susceptible to tears than others. It will dive into the anatomical differences between females and males and how the slight structural deviations can lead to an increased risk in ACL tears. This study will also investigate the mechanisms underlying ACL injuries, including knee rotation, valgus stress, and hyperextension, exploring how these movements contribute to the rupture of this critical ligament. Additionally, this research study will investigate current ACL reconstruction methods and assess post-surgical outcomes in terms of functional recovery, return to sport, and long-term knee health. This study will be primarily a literature review with the goal of providing a comprehensive understanding of ACL tears and their management, offering insights into prevention, surgical decision-making, and rehabilitation strategies

Thesis Summary

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is essential for knee stability, preventing excessive movement and aiding in rotational control. ACL injuries often occur in sports involving sudden stops, pivots, or direction changes, leading to knee instability and long-term issues. This study examines the causes of ACL tears, including anatomical differences between males and females that may increase risk. It also explores injury mechanisms like knee rotation, valgus stress, and hyperextension. Additionally, it reviews ACL reconstruction techniques and post-surgical outcomes, focusing on recovery, return to sports, and long-term knee health. The research is a literature review aimed at improving prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies.

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